Autosomal dominant
- Progeria: characterized by rapid aging
- Huntington disease: characterized by involuntary arms and legs movements. Other symptoms include mild irritability and memory loss
Autosomal recessive
- Tay-Sachs Disease: They lack a certain enzyme that would allow cells to digest lipids. This causes the lipids to build up in the brain cells and destroy, which further causes blindness, mental deterioration, and death
- Phenylketonuria: If untreated, children can be severely mentally handicapped
- Albinism: Lacks the brown pigment melanin
X-linked recessive
- Hemophilia: Reduced ability to clot blood.
- Colour blindness: Cannot distinguish between colours
- Duchenne muscular distrophy: Muscles waste away because the muscle cells are are engorged with fat and connective tissue
Codominance
- Sickle Cell Anemia: RBCs are shaped like sickles, causing reduced blood flow to various parts of the body.
Incomplete Dominance
- Hypercholesterolemia: high cholesterol, so higher chances of heart attack
Aneuploidy (Non disunction):
Down syndrome: trisomy of the 21st chromosome
Edwards syndrome: trisomy of the 13th chromosome
Patau's syndrome: trisomy of the 18th chromosome
Turner's syndrome: only one "x" chromosome
Kinefelter's syndrome: "XXY"
Jacob's syndrome: "XYY"